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Regional
financial institutions in Latin America |
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Latinamerican banks, funds and development corporations are the new
RFIs (Regional Financial Institutions). They present great
opportunities for autonomous regional development, but their current
operations require extensive reforms and updates so as not to repeat
IFIs limitations. Report by CLAES.
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Growth and
Development |
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An analysis of the persistent confusion between growth and development
in Latin America. Paper by Eduardo Gudynas and Carolina Villalba.
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Latin America:
Social spending grows, but poverty does not decrease |
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The region has suffered successive economic crises. During these
crises there were few emergency social protection plans to confront
the crises, and no plans to respond to natural disasters. These are
clear evidence of the irrational social use of government spending. By
Carolina Villalba.
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How
progressive is Stiglitz? |
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 Economist
Joseph Stiglitz appears increasingly often as a reference and source
of inspiration for many advocates of new development policies. We find
ourselves in a situation where a traditional economist appears as a
figure that is cited by the most diverse array of alternative
movements. There is something odd in all this: Stiglitz is still a
conventional economist and his positions are nearly always rooted in
the liberal tradition. Analysis by E. Gudynas.
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World Bank and
good business |
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 World
Bank's new version of how to do "good business", covered 175 countries,
with updated information about the reforms carried out to attract
investments. Factors like the protection of foreign investments and
labor market flexibility were highlighted in the report. However,
social and environmental aspects are not included as part of good
business. The World Bank insists on the liberalization of economies.
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Alternative
financial "country
risk" indicator |
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D3E CLAES developed an alternative country
risk assessment method to the conventional "country risk"
indicators. While conventional ratings made by international companies, like Standard & Poor's or Moody's,
are restricted to financial returns and profits, the new index
includes social, political and environmental components. Under the
new index both Argentina and Brazil are under social and
environmental
default. (Spanish)
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Debt and
capital flows |
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 Latin America has
substantially reduced the emission of international foreign debt
bonds. The foreign currency bonds in 2005 were almost 34 billion, down
20 billion in comparison with the situation 10 years ago. However,
there is an increase in the foreign debt for almost all the countries. Analysis by Paola Visca. (Spanish)
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Overview of the recent debate on IMF
conditionalities on fiscal results and social expenditures in
Latinamerica. (Spanish)
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Also, an example for the Latin
American debt burden
are the London agreements on external debt
renegotiations, made after World War II. (English) MORE |
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“Soft”
integration and “rigid” trade |
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There is a proliferation of
different discourses on integration in Latin America in which it is
conceived particularly in the form of trade agreements while other
critical issues are overlooked, such as the changes in cultural
patterns or the inheritance of neo-liberal reforms. Eduardo Gudynas
argues that by ignoring this other essential dimensions, the region is
experiencing a “soft integration” that does not generate enough
concrete measures (English) [PDF]
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Free trade and FTAA |
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D3E CLAES publishes
regularly about trade. The
latest book "Free trade: myth and reality"
is a collection of essays about new challenges in integration
processes. The book has contributions from
A. Acosta and E. Gudynas, including as well classical economic texts
of F. List or J. M. Keynes, mixed with actual discussions of J. Estay,
C. Lara and J. Schuldt. (MORE)
"The shadows of FTAA" contains
articles and reports from members of staff of D3E CLAES about the
ministerial summit for the FTAA negotiations in Miami. Available in PDF
(Spanish).
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